Intsingiselo yokucoca, kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi, ukuhluzwa ngokubanzi kubhekiselele kwinkqubo yokugcina ukungcola okumisiweyo emanzini kunye noluhlu lwezinto zokucoca ezifana nesanti ye-quartz kunye ne-anthracite, ukuze amanzi acacise.Iimathiriyeli ezirhabaxa ezisetyenziselwa ukuhluza zibizwa ngokuba yi-filtha media, kunye nesanti yequartz yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokucoca imidiya.Izinto zokucoca ziyigranular, powdery kunye nefibrous.Izixhobo zokucoca eziqhele ukusetyenziswa yisanti yequartz, ianthracite, ikhabhoni esebenzayo, imagnetite, igarnet, iiseramics, iibhola zeplastiki, njl.
Isihluzi semidiya eninzi (ibhedi yesihluzi) sisihluzo esiphakathi esisebenzisa imidiya emibini okanye ngaphezulu njengomaleko wokucoca.Kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi okujikeleza kwimizi-mveliso, isetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola kumanzi amdaka, i-oyile ye-adsorb, njl., ukwenzela ukuba umgangatho wamanzi uhlangabezane neemfuno zokuhlaziywa kwakhona..Umsebenzi wokucoca ikakhulu ukususa ukungcola okumisiweyo okanye i-colloidal emanzini, ngokukodwa ukususa ngokufanelekileyo amasuntswana amancinci kunye neebhaktheriya ezingenakususwa ngeteknoloji yemvula.Ii-BOD kunye ne-COD nazo zinezinga elithile lokususa umphumo.
Iiparamitha zokusebenza zibonisiwe kolu luhlu lulandelayo:
ukwakheka kwesihluzi
Isihluzo semultimedia senziwe ikakhulu ngumzimba wokucoca, umbhobho oxhasayo kunye nevalve.
Umzimba wesihluzi ubandakanya ikakhulu la malungu alandelayo: Enziwe lula;amacandelo okuhanjiswa kwamanzi;amacandelo enkxaso;umbhobho womoya wokuhlamba umva;imathiriyeli yokucoca;
Isiseko sokukhetha isihluzi
(1) Kufuneka ibe namandla aneleyo omatshini ukuphepha ukuguga okukhawulezayo kunye nokukrazula ngexesha lokuhlamba umqolo;
(2) Ukuzinza kweekhemikhali kungcono;
(3) Ayinazinto ezinobungozi kunye netyhefu kwimpilo yabantu, kwaye ayiqulathanga izinto ezinobungozi kwimveliso kwaye zichaphazela imveliso;
(4) Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokucoca kufuneka kuzame ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezinomthamo omkhulu we-adsorption, umthamo wokuthintela ungcoliseko oluphezulu, imveliso ephezulu yamanzi kunye nomgangatho olungileyo wamanzi amdaka.
Kwimathiriyeli yokucoca, iingqalutye zidlala indima exhasayo.Ngethuba lenkqubo yokucoca, ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, izikhewu ezizinzile phakathi komnye nomnye, kunye nama-pores amakhulu, kukulungele ukuba amanzi adlule emanzini ahlungiweyo ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhlamba okulungileyo.Ngokufanayo, ukuhlamba umva Ngexesha lenkqubo, amanzi okuhlamba umva kunye nomoya wokuhlamba umva unokudlula kakuhle.Kuqwalaselo oluqhelekileyo, iingqalutye zihlulwe zibe ziinkcazo ezine, kwaye indlela yokugalela isuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, kuqala inkulu kwaye incinci.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kobukhulu beqhekeza lezinto zokucoca kunye nokuphakama kokuzalisa
Umlinganiselo wobude bebhedi yokucoca ukuya kumyinge wobungakanani besuntswana lesixhobo sokucoca yi-800 ukuya kwi-1 000 (inkcazo yoyilo).Ubungakanani besuntswana lemathiriyeli yokucoca inxulumene nokuchaneka kohluzo
Isihluzi semultimedia
Izihluzi ze-multi-media ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwamanzi, eziqhelekileyo zezi: i-anthracite-quartz sand-magnetite filter, i-carbon-quartz sand-magnetite filter esebenzayo, i-carbon-quartz sand filter esebenzayo, i-quartz sand-ceramic filter Linda.
Eyona miba iphambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kuyilo lwesihluzo soluhlu lwesihluzo semulti-media zezi:
1. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zokucoca zinomehluko omkhulu woxinaniso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-phenomenon ye-mixed layers ayiyi kwenzeka emva kokuphazamiseka kwe-backwashing.
2. Khetha izinto zokucoca ngokwenjongo yokuvelisa amanzi.
3. Ubungakanani bamasuntswana bufuna ukuba ubungakanani besuntswana lesixhobo sokucoca esisezantsi sincinci kunobukhulu besuntswana lesixhobo sokucoca ulwelo oluphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwesixhobo sokucoca esisezantsi.
Enyanisweni, ukuthatha ibhedi yokucoca i-three-layer njengomzekelo, umgangatho ophezulu wezinto zokucoca unomlinganiselo omkhulu we-particle kwaye uqulunqwe izixhobo zokucoca ukukhanya kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi, njenge-anthracite kunye ne-carbon activated;umaleko ophakathi wemathiriyeli yokucoca unobungakanani bamasuntswana aphakathi kunye noxinaniso oluphakathi, ngokubanzi lwenziwe yisanti yequartz;Isixhobo sokucoca siqulethe imathiriyeli yokucoca enzima kunye neyona sayizi incinci yesuntswana kunye noxinano olukhulu, olufana nemagneti.Ngenxa yothintelo lomahluko woxinaniso, ukhetho lwezixhobo zokucoca zesihluzo semidiya yomaleko-ntathu silungisiwe.Izinto zokucoca eziphezulu zidlala indima yokucoca okurhabaxa, kwaye isihluzo esisezantsi sidlala indima yokucoca kakuhle, ukuze indima yebhedi yokucoca imidiya eninzi yenziwe ngokupheleleyo, kunye nomgangatho wamanzi amdaka ngokucacileyo ungcono kunoko. yebhedi yesixhobo sokucoca isixhobo somgangatho omnye.Kumanzi okusela, ukusetyenziswa kwe-anthracite, i-resin kunye nezinye izixhobo zokucoca zithintelwe ngokubanzi.
Isihluzi sesanti yequartz
Isihluzo sesanti yequartz sisihluzo esisebenzisa isanti yequartz njengesixhobo sokucoca.Iyakwazi ukususa ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini, kwaye ineziphumo ezicacileyo zokususa kwi-colloids, isinyithi, i-organic matter, i-pesticides, i-manganese, ibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa amanzi.
Ineenzuzo zokuxhathisa ukuhluza okuncinci, indawo enkulu yendawo ethile, i-asidi eyomeleleyo kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-alkali, ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation, uluhlu lwesicelo se-PH ye-2-13, ukuchasana nokungcoliseka okulungileyo, njl njl. Impahla kunye necebo lokucoca Uyilo lwesihluzi luqonda ukusebenza kokuziqhelanisa kwecebo lokucoca, kunye nesixhobo sokucoca sinokuziqhelanisa okunamandla kugxininiso lwamanzi akrwada, iimeko zokusebenza, inkqubo yonyango lwangaphambili, njl. Phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, umgangatho wamanzi I-effluent iqinisekisiwe, kwaye izinto zokucoca zichithwa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokuhlamba umva, kwaye umphumo wokucoca ulungile.
Isihluzi sesanti sinoncedo lwesantya sokuhluza okukhawulezayo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokucoca, kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokucanda.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumandla ombane, i-electronics, iziselo, itephu yamanzi, i-petroleum, imboni yeekhemikhali, isinyithi, i-textile, i-papermaking, ukutya, i-swimming pool, ubunjineli bakamasipala kunye nezinye iinkqubo zamanzi, amanzi asekhaya, amanzi asetyenzisiweyo kunye neendawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka.
Isihluzi sesanti se-quartz sineempawu zesakhiwo esilula, ukulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukusebenza, ukuhamba okukhulu kokucubungula, amaxesha ambalwa okuhlamba umva, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca, ukuchasana okuphantsi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa.
Isihluzo sekhabhoni esisebenzayo
Izinto zokucoca zisebenza ngekhabhoni, esetyenziselwa ukususa umbala, ivumba, intsalela yeklorini kunye ne-organic matter.Eyona ndlela iphambili yesenzo yi-adsorption.Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yi-adsorbent eyenziweyo.
Izihluzi zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi asekhaya kunye namanzi kushishino lokutya, ishishini lemichiza, amandla ombane kunye namanye amashishini.Ngenxa yokuba ikharbhon ecushiwe inobume bepore obuphuhliswe kakuhle kunye nommandla omkhulu womphezulu othile, inesakhono esinamandla se-adsorption sezinto ezinyityilisiweyo zeorganic compounds emanzini, ezifana nebenzene, phenolic compounds, njl njl iidayi zisuswe kakuhle.Izinga lokususwa kwe-plasma ye-granular activated carbon ye-Ag ^+, Cd^2+ kunye ne-CrO4 ^ 2- emanzini ingaphezulu kwe-85%.[3] Emva kokudlula kwibhedi ye-carbon filter esebenzayo, i-solids emisiwe emanzini ingaphantsi kwe-0.1mg / L, izinga lokususa i-COD ngokuqhelekileyo li-40% ~ 50%, kwaye i-chlorine yamahhala ingaphantsi kwe-0.1mg / L.
Inkqubo yokuhlamba umva
Ukuhlanjwa ngasemva kwesihluzo ikakhulu kubhekisa kwinto yokuba emva kokuba isihluzo sisetyenziselwe ixesha elithile, umaleko wezinto zokucoca ugcina kwaye ufunxa umlinganiselo othile wesundries kunye namabala, okunciphisa umgangatho wamanzi amdaka esihluzo.Umgangatho wamanzi uwohloka, ukuhlukana koxinzelelo phakathi kwepayipi yokungena kunye nokuphuma kwanda, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, izinga lokuhamba kwesihlunu esisodwa liyancipha.
Umgaqo wokuhlamba umva: ukuhamba kwamanzi kudlula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuluhlu lwezinto zokucoca, ukuze umaleko wokucoca wandise kwaye unqunyanyiswe, kwaye umaleko wezinto zokucoca ucocwe ngamandla okucheba okuhamba kwamanzi kunye namandla okungqubana kwamasuntswana, ngoko ke. ukuba ukungcola kuluhlu lokucoca luhlulwe kwaye lukhutshwe ngamanzi okuhlamba ngasemva.
Isidingo sokuhlanjwa ngasemva
(1) Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhluza, izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo kumanzi akrwada zigcinwa kwaye zibhengezwe ngumaleko wezinto zokucoca kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ziqokelelwe kuluhlu lwezinto zokucoca, ukuze iipores zoluhlu lokucoca zivalwe kancinci kancinci, kunye nekhekhe lokucoca. yenziwa kumphezulu woluhlu lokucoca, ukuhluza intloko yamanzi.Ilahleko ihlala isanda.Xa umda othile ufinyelelwe, izinto zokucoca kufuneka zicocwe, ukwenzela ukuba uluhlu lokucoca lukwazi ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwalo kwaye luqhubeke nokusebenza.
(2) Ngenxa yokwanda kwelahleko yentloko yamanzi ngexesha lokuhluza, amandla okucheba okuhamba kwamanzi kukungcola okuthengisiweyo kumphezulu wesixhobo sokucoca kuba mkhulu, kwaye amanye amasuntswana afudukela kwisihluzo esisezantsi phantsi kwempembelelo yokucoca. ukuhamba kwamanzi, okuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kubangele into emisiwe emanzini.Njengoko umxholo uqhubeka nokunyuka, umgangatho wamanzi uyancipha.Xa ukungcola kugqobhoza umaleko wokucoca, isihluzi silahlekelwa yimpembelelo yokucoca.Ke ngoko, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, izinto zokucoca kufuneka zicocwe ukuze kubuyiselwe ubumdaka bokubamba umthamo woluhlu lwezinto zokucoca.
(3) Umcimbi omisiweyo kumanzi amdaka uqulethe ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo.Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kuluhlu lokucoca kuya kukhokelela ekuphuculeni nasekuveliseni iibhaktheriya kunye ne-microorganisms kuluhlu lokucoca, okukhokelela kukonakala kwe-anaerobic.Izinto zokucoca kufuneka zicocwe rhoqo.
Ulawulo lweparamitha yokuhlamba umva kunye nokuzimisela
(1) Ukuphakama kokuvuvukala: Ngexesha lokuhlamba umva, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba iinqununu zezinto zokucoca zinezikhewu ezaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba ukungcola kukhutshwe ngokukhawuleza kuluhlu lokucoca ngamanzi, izinga lokwandiswa koluhlu lokucoca kufuneka libe likhulu.Nangona kunjalo, xa izinga lokwandiswa likhulu kakhulu, inani leengqungquthela kwizinto zokucoca kwiyunithi nganye liyancipha, kwaye ithuba lokungqubuzana kwamasuntswana liyancipha, ngoko akulungile ukucoca.Izinto zokucoca umaleko ophindwe kabini, izinga lokwandiswa yi-40%—-50%.Qaphela: Ngethuba lokusebenza kwemveliso, ukuphakama kokuzaliswa kunye nokuphakama kokwandiswa kwezinto zokucoca zihlolwe ngokungaqhelekanga, kuba ngexesha lenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokubuyela umva, kuya kubakho ukulahleka okanye ukugqoka kwezinto zokucoca, ezifuna ukuzaliswa.Uluhlu lokucoca oluzinzileyo lunezi nzuzo zilandelayo: ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza komgangatho wamanzi ahluziweyo kunye nefuthe lokuhlamba umva.
(2) Ubungakanani kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi okuhlamba ngasemva: Kwiimfuno zoyilo ngokubanzi, amandla okuhlamba amanzi ngasemva yi-40 m3 / (m2 • h), kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi okuhlamba ngasemva ngu-≤0.15 MPa.
(3) Umthamo womoya we-backwash kunye noxinzelelo: amandla omoya wokuhlamba i-backwash yi-15 m / (m • h), kunye noxinzelelo lomoya we-backwash yi-≤0.15 MPa.Qaphela: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlamba umva, umoya wokuhlamba umva ongenayo uqokelelwa phezulu kwesihluzo, kwaye ininzi kufuneka ikhutshwe nge-valve yokukhupha i-double-hole.kwimveliso yemihla ngemihla.Kuyimfuneko ukujonga i-patency ye-valve yokukhupha rhoqo, eyona nto ibonakaliswe ngumlinganiselo wenkululeko yebhola ye-valve phezulu nangaphantsi.
Irhasi-amanzi adityanisiweyo umva
(1) Hlamba ngomoya kuqala, uze emva koko uhlambe ngamanzi: okokuqala, yehlisa inqanaba lamanzi kwisihluzo ukuya kwi-100 mm ngaphezu komphezulu woluhlu lwesihluzo, yiyeke emoyeni imizuzu embalwa, kwaye emva koko uhlambe ngamanzi.Ilungele izihluzi ezinokungcola komhlaba onzima kunye nokungcola okukhanyayo kwangaphakathi.
Qaphela: Ivalve ehambelana nayo kufuneka ivalwe endaweni yayo;ngaphandle koko, xa umgangatho wamanzi uhla ngaphantsi kwendawo yokucoca, inxalenye ephezulu yoluhlu lokucoca ayiyi kufakwa emanzini.Ngethuba lokuphazamiseka kwe-up and down of particles, ukungcola akukwazi ukukhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kuya kungena nzulu kwi-filter layer.shukuma.
(2) Ukuhlamba umva komoya kunye namanzi okudityanisiweyo: Umoya kunye namanzi okuhlamba ngasemva atyiswa ngaxeshanye ukusuka kwindawo esezantsi yoluhlu lwesihluzo esimileyo.Umoya wenza amaqamza amakhulu kuluhlu lwesanti ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyuka, kwaye ujika ube ngamaqamza amancinci xa udibana nezinto zokucoca.Inomphumela wokukhuhla kumphezulu wezinto zokucoca;ukuhlamba umphezulu wamanzi kukhulula umaleko wokucoca, ukuze izinto zokucoca zibekwimo emisiweyo, nto leyo eluncedo kumoya wokukhuhla izinto zokucoca.Iziphumo zokwandiswa kwamanzi okuhlamba umva kunye nomoya wokuhlamba i-backwash zibekwe phezulu komnye nomnye, onamandla kunokuba xa zenziwa zodwa.
Qaphela: Uxinzelelo lwe-backwash lwamanzi lwahlukile kuxinzelelo lwe-backwash kunye nobukhulu bomoya.Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumyalelo wokuthintela amanzi ahlanjwe ngasemva ukuba angangeni kumbhobho womoya.
(3) Emva kokuba i-backwashing edibeneyo yomoya igqityiwe, yeka ukungena emoyeni, gcina ukuhamba okufanayo kwamanzi okuhlamba umva, kwaye uqhubeke uhlamba i-3 min ukuya kwi-5 min, ama-bubbles omoya ashiywe kwibhedi yokucoca angasuswa.
Amagqabantshintshi: Unokunikela ingqalelo kwimeko yevalve yokukhupha imingxuma emibini phezulu.
Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zokuQinisekisa izinto zesihluzi
(1) Ukuba ubumdaka obuvaleleke kumphezulu woluhlu lokucoca alukwazi ukususwa ngokufanelekileyo kwixesha elithile, kwinkqubo yokuhlamba i-backwashing elandelayo, ukuba ukuhanjiswa komoya wokuhlamba umva akufani, ukuphakama kokwandisa kuya kuba kungalingani.Ukuxutywa komoya wokuhlamba, apho isantya sokuxubha sincinci, ukungcola okufana neoli yeoli ebusweni bezinto zokucoca akukwazi ukususwa ngokufanelekileyo.Emva kokuba kusetyenziswe umjikelezo oqhelekileyo wokucoca amanzi, umthwalo wendawo uyanda, ukungcola kuya kutshona ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngaphakathi, kwaye iipellets ziya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe.enkulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yandisa kubunzulu bokuzaliswa kwesihluzo de isihluzo sonke siphumelele.
Amagqabantshintshi: Ekusebenzeni okwenyani, isenzeko somoya ongalinganiyo wokuhlamba umva sihlala sisenzeka, ikakhulu ngenxa yokugqobhozwa kombhobho wokuhambisa umoya osezantsi, ukuvaleka okanye ukonakaliswa kwekepusi yokucoca yasekhaya, okanye ukuguqulwa kwesithuba sombhobho wegridi.
2Iincinci zesanti eziqhotyoshelweyo zilula ukwenza iibhola ezincinci zodaka.Xa umaleko wokuhluza uphinde uhlaziywe emva kokuhlanjwa ngasemva, iibhola zodaka zingena kumaleko asezantsi wezinto zokucoca kwaye ziqhubele ebunzulwini njengoko iibhola zodaka zikhula.
(3) Ioli equlethwe kumanzi akrwada ivaleleke kwisihluzo.Emva kokuhlamba umva kunye nenxalenye eseleyo, iqokelela ngokuhamba kwexesha, eyona nto iphambili ekhokelela ekuqineni kwezinto zokucoca.Ixesha lokuhlamba umva kunokumiselwa ngokweempawu zomgangatho wamanzi amanzi akrwada kunye neemfuno zomgangatho wamanzi amdaka, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifana nokulahleka kwentloko okulinganiselweyo, umgangatho wamanzi amdaka okanye ixesha lokuhluzwa.
Izilumkiso zokusetyenzwa kohluzo kunye neenkqubo zokwamkelwa
(1) Ukunyamezelana okuhambelanayo phakathi kwendawo yokuphuma kwamanzi kunye nepleyiti yokucoca kufuneka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-2 mm.
(2) Umgangatho kunye nokungalingani kwepleyiti yokucoca zombini ngaphantsi kwe ± 1.5 mm.Ubume bepleyiti yokucoca yamkela eyona nkqubo ilungileyo iyonke.Xa ububanzi be-cylinder bukhulu, okanye buthintelwe ngezinto eziluhlaza, ukuthutha, njl., i-splicing ye-lobed-lobed ingasetyenziswa.
(3) Unyango olufanelekileyo lwamalungu adibeneyo epleyiti yokucoca kunye ne-cylinder ibaluleke kakhulu kwikhonkco yokubuyisela umoya.
① Ukuze kupheliswe umsantsa we-radial phakathi kwepleyiti yokucoca kunye ne-cylinder ebangelwe ziimpazamo ekusetyenzweni kwepleyiti yokucoca kunye nokuqengqeleka kwe-cylinder, ipleyiti ye-arc yeringi ihlala idityanisiwe ngokwecandelo.Amalungu oqhagamshelwano kufuneka adityaniswe ngokupheleleyo.
②Indlela yonyango yokukhutshwa kweradial kumbhobho ophakathi kunye nepleyiti yokucoca iyafana nalapha ngasentla.
Amagqabantshintshi: Le milinganiselo ingentla iqinisekisa ukuba ukuhluzwa kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwe-backwashing kunokunxibelelana kuphela ngesithuba phakathi kwe-cap yokucoca okanye umbhobho wokukhupha.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukufana kokuhanjiswa kwe-backwashing kunye neendlela zokucoca nazo ziqinisekisiwe.
(4) Impazamo yeradial yemingxuma eyenziwe ngomatshini kwipleyiti yokucoca yi-±1.5 mm.Ukonyuka kobukhulu bomfaneleko phakathi kwentonga yesikhokelo yesihluzi sekepusi kunye nomngxuma wokudlula kwipleyiti yokucoca akuncedi ukufakela okanye ukulungiswa kwesivalo sokucoca.Ukwenziwa kwemingxuma kufuneka kwenziwe ngoomatshini
(5) Izinto eziphathekayo ze-cap yokucoca, inayiloni iyona nto ibhetele, ilandelwa yi-ABS.Ngenxa yezinto zokucoca ezongeziweyo kwindawo ephezulu, umthwalo we-extrusion kwi-cap yokucoca mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye amandla ayafuneka ukuba abe phezulu ukuphepha ukuguqulwa.Imiphezulu yoqhagamshelwano (imigangatho ephezulu nangaphantsi) yesihluzi sokucoca kunye nepleyiti yokucoca iyakubonelelwa ngeepadi zerabha ezilastiki.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2022