I-Abstract: Imo ye-microbial ye-fermenters inempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho webhiya.Ukucoceka nokungcola yimfuneko esisiseko yolawulo lococeko kwimveliso yebhiya.Inkqubo elungileyo ye-CIP inokucoca ngokufanelekileyo isivundiso.Iingxaki zendlela yokucoca, indlela yokucoca, inkqubo yokucoca, i-arhente yokucoca / ukukhethwa kwe-sterilizant kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-CIP yaxoxwa.
Intshayelelo
Ukucoca kunye nokuvala inzala ngumsebenzi osisiseko wemveliso yebhiya kunye neyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yobuchwephesha yokuphucula umgangatho webhiya.Injongo yokucoca kunye ne-sterilization kukususa kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukungcola okwenziwa ludonga lwangaphakathi lwemibhobho kunye nezixhobo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nokuphelisa isongelo sokutshatyalaliswa kwe-microorganisms kwi-beer brewing.Phakathi kwabo, isityalo sokuvutshelwa sineemfuno eziphezulu ze-microorganisms, kwaye umsebenzi wokucoca kunye ne-sterilization ubala ngaphezu kwe-70% yomsebenzi opheleleyo.Okwangoku, umthamo we-fermenter uya ukhula kwaye ukhulu, kwaye umbhobho ohambisa izinto eziphathekayo uthatha ixesha elide kwaye elide, elizisa ubunzima obuninzi ekucoceni kunye nokuvala inzala.Indlela yokucoca ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kunye nokucoca isivundisi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zangoku “zendalo ecocekileyo yendalo” yebhiya kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi kumgangatho wemveliso kufuneka kuxatyiswe kakhulu ngabasebenzi abasenza ibhiya.
I-1 indlela yokucoca kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nazo ezichaphazela umphumo wokucoca
1.1 indlela yokucoca
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ibhiya, umphezulu wesixhobo esinxibelelana nesixhobo uya kufaka ukungcola ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.Kwizivundisi, izinto ezimdaka ikakhulu yigwele kunye neprotheyini engcolileyo, iihops kunye ne-hop resin compounds, kunye namatye ebhiya.Ngenxa yombane ongatshintshiyo kunye nezinye izinto, ezi zimdaka zinamandla athile obhengezo phakathi komphezulu wodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-fermenter.Ngokucacileyo, ukuze uqhube ukungcola eludongeni lwetanki, umlinganiselo othile wamandla kufuneka uhlawulwe.La mandla anokuba ngamandla omatshini, oko kukuthi, indlela yokucoca amanzi kunye nefuthe elithile elinamandla;amandla ekhemikhali anokusetyenziswa kwakhona, njengokusebenzisa i-asidi (okanye i-alkaline) yokucoca i-agent ukukhulula, ukuqhaqha okanye ukuchithwa ukungcola, ngaloo ndlela ushiya indawo eqhotyoshelweyo;Ngamandla ashushu, oko kukuthi, ngokunyusa izinga lokushisa lokucoca, ukukhawuleza ukusabela kweekhemikhali kunye nokukhawuleza inkqubo yokucoca.Enyanisweni, inkqubo yokucoca idla ngokuba ngumphumo wokudityaniswa komatshini, iikhemikhali kunye nefuthe lokushisa.
1.2 Izinto ezichaphazela umphumo wokucoca
1.2.1 Ubungakanani be-adsorption phakathi komhlaba kunye nomphezulu wesinyithi unxulumene noburhabaxa bomphezulu besinyithi.I-rougher surface yentsimbi, i-adsorption yomelele phakathi kokungcola kunye nomphezulu, kwaye kunzima ukuyicoca.Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa imveliso yokutya zifuna iRa<1μm;iimpawu zezinto ezingaphezulu kwezixhobo zichaphazela i-adsorption phakathi kokungcola kunye nomgangatho wezixhobo.Ngokomzekelo, ukucocwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kunzima kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokucocwa kwensimbi engenasici.
1.2.2 Iimpawu zokungcola nazo zinobudlelwane obuthile kunye nefuthe lokucoca.Ngokucacileyo, kunzima kakhulu ukususa ubumdaka obudala obomisiweyo kunokususa obutsha.Ngoko ke, emva kokuba umjikelezo wemveliso ugqityiwe, i-fermenter kufuneka icocwe ngokukhawuleza, engafanelekanga, kwaye iya kucocwa kwaye ifakwe inzalo phambi kokusetyenziswa okulandelayo.
1.2.3 Amandla e-scour ngomnye umba ophambili ochaphazela umphumo wokucoca.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umbhobho wokucoca okanye udonga lwetanki, umphumo wokucoca ungcono kuphela xa i-liquid yokuhlamba ikwimeko ephazamisayo.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukuqina kokugungxulwa kunye nesantya sokuhamba ukuze umphezulu wesixhobo ufakwe ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumo wokucoca.
1.2.4 Ukusebenza kwe-arhente yokucoca ngokwayo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo (i-asidi okanye isiseko), umsebenzi kunye nokugxila.
1.2.5 Kwiimeko ezininzi, umphumo wokucoca unyuka ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.Inani elikhulu leemvavanyo libonise ukuba xa uhlobo kunye nokugxilwa kwe-arhente yokucoca kunqunywe, umphumo wokucoca kwi-50 ° C kwi-5 min kunye nokuhlamba kwi-20 ° C kwi-30 min iyafana.
2 i-fermenter CIP yokucoca
2.1 Imodi yokusebenza yeCIP kunye nefuthe layo ekucoceni umphumo
Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokucoca esetyenziswa ngama-breweries anamhlanje kukucoca kwindawo (CIP), eyona ndlela yokucoca kunye nezixhobo zokucoca kunye nemibhobho ngaphandle kokuqhawula iinxalenye okanye ukufakwa kwezixhobo phantsi kweemeko ezivaliweyo.
2.1.1 Izikhongozeli ezikhulu ezifana nezivundisi azikwazi ukucocwa ngesisombululo sokucoca.Ukucocwa kwe-in-situ ye-fermentor kuqhutyelwa ngomjikelezo we-scrubber.I-scrubber ineentlobo ezimbini zohlobo olusisigxina lokuhlamba ibhola kunye nohlobo lwe-rotary jet.Ulwelo lokuvasa lutshizwa kumphezulu ongaphakathi wetanki ngescrubber, emva koko ulwelo lokuvasa lutyhutyhe eludongeni lwetanki.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, i-liquid yokuhlamba yenza ifilimu efakwe kwitanki.Kudonga lwetanki.Umphumo wesi senzo soomatshini sincinci, kwaye umphumo wokucoca ufezekiswa ikakhulu ngesenzo sekhemikhali sokucoca.
2.1.2 Isikhrubha sohlobo lokuvasa ibhola esisisigxina sineradiyasi yokusebenza eyi-2 m.Kwi-fermenters ethe tyaba, kufuneka kufakwe ii-scrubbers ezininzi.Uxinzelelo lwe-liquid yokuhlamba kwi-outlet ye-scrubber nozzle kufuneka ibe yi-0.2-0.3 MPa;i-fermenters ethe nkqo Kwaye indawo yokulinganisa uxinzelelo kwindawo yokuphuma yempompo yokuhlamba, kungekhona nje ilahleko yoxinzelelo olubangelwa ukuchaswa kombhobho, kodwa kunye nefuthe lokuphakama kwixinzelelo lokucoca.
2.1.3 Xa uxinzelelo luphantsi kakhulu, i-radius yesenzo se-scrubber sincinci, isantya sokuhamba akwanele, kwaye i-sprayed cleaning liquid ayikwazi ukuzalisa udonga lwetanki;xa uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu, i-liquid yokucoca iya kwenza inkungu kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza ukuhamba okuhlayo kunye nodonga lwetanki.Ifilimu yamanzi, okanye i-sprayed cleaning liquid, iphinda ibuyele kwindonga yetanki, inciphisa umphumo wokucoca.
2.1.4 Xa isixhobo esiza kucocwa simdaka kwaye nobubanzi betanki bukhulu (d>2m), isikrabha sohlobo lwejethi ejikelezayo ngokuqhelekileyo sisetyenziselwa ukunyusa iradius yokuhlamba (0.3-0.7 MPa) ukwandisa iradius yokuhlamba kunye ukwandisa irediyasi yokuhlamba.Isenzo somatshini wokuhlanjululwa kwandisa umphumo wokuhla.
2.1.5 I-Rotary jet scrubbers inokusebenzisa i-low purge fluid flow rate kune-ball washer.Njengoko i-rising medium idlula, i-scrubber isebenzisa i-recoil ye-fluid ukujikeleza, ukukhupha kunye nokukhupha ngokunye, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umphumo wokucoca.
2.2 Uqikelelo lokuhamba kwamanzi okucoca
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, isivundisi kufuneka sibe noxinzelelo oluthile lokugungxula kunye nesantya sokuhamba xa sicoca.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuninzi obaneleyo boluhlu lokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokwenza i-turbulent flow flowing, kuyimfuneko ukubeka ingqalelo kwisantya sokuhamba kwempompo yokucoca.
2.2.1 Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqikelela ireyithi yokuqukuqela kwamanzi okucoca ukucoca itanki ezingqukuva ezisezantsi.Indlela yesintu iqwalasela kuphela umjikelezo wetanki, kwaye imiselwa kuluhlu lwe-1.5 ukuya kwi-3.5 m3/m•h ngokobunzima bokucoca (ngokubanzi umda osezantsi wetanki encinci kunye nomda ophezulu wetanki enkulu. ).Itanki esezantsi yecone ejikelezayo enobubanzi obuyi-6.5m inomjikelezo omalunga ne-20m.Ukuba kusetyenziswe i-3m3/m•h, izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi okucoca limalunga ne-60m3/h.
2.2.2 Indlela entsha yoqikelelo isekelwe kwinto yokuba isixa seemetabolites (intlenga) esigalelwe ilitha nganye yewort yokupholisa ngexesha lokuvubela sihlala sihleli.Xa i-diameter yetanki inyuka, indawo yangaphakathi yendawo yeyunithi nganye umthamo wetanki uyancipha.Ngenxa yoko, inani lomthwalo wokungcola kwindawo yeyunithi liyenyuka, kwaye izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi okucoca kufuneka linyuswe ngokufanelekileyo.Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-0.2 m3 / m2•h.I-fermenter enomthamo we-500 m3 kunye nobubanzi be-6.5 m inommandla wangaphakathi omalunga ne-350 m2, kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi okucoca malunga ne-70 m3 / h.
Iindlela ezi-3 ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ama-fermenters
3.1 Ngokutsho kobushushu bomsebenzi wokucoca, lunokwahlulwa lube lucoceko olubandayo (ubushushu obuqhelekileyo) kunye nokucoca okushushu (ukufudumeza).Ukuze ugcine ixesha kunye nokuhlamba ulwelo, abantu bahlala behlamba kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu;ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yetanki enkulu, ukucoca okubandayo kudla ngokusetyenziselwa ukucoca iitanki ezinkulu.
3.2 Ngokohlobo lwe-ejenti yokucoca esetyenzisiweyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-asidi yokucoca kunye nokucoca i-alkaline.Ukuhlamba i-alkaline ngokukhethekileyo kukulungele ukususa ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo ezenziwe kwinkqubo, njengemvubelo, iprotheni, i-hop resin, njl.;i-pickling ikakhulu kukususa ungcoliseko lwe-inorganic oluveliswe kwinkqubo, efana neetyuwa ze-calcium, iityuwa ze-magnesium, amatye ebhiya, njalo njalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-30-2020